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Weapons Collection and Destruction

Efforts to enhance public security by collecting and securely disposing of small arms, light weapons, and their ammunition have a long history, yet have gained increased prominence over the past two decades in the context of broader programmes for the disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of ex-combatants, security sector reform, and armed violence prevention and reduction.

The materials in this section pull weapons collection out of a programme-oriented context to examine the issue in broader, sometimes historical perspective, considering such questions as the efficacy of different incentives for the voluntary surrender of weapons.

Another theme is the secure disposal of retrieved weapons. The destruction of collected weapons eliminates the proliferation risks that arise when retrieved arms are, for example, integrated into insecure government stockpiles.

Since weapons collection tends to reinforce the state’s monopoly over the instruments of violence, often there is also a need to pair the measure with others aimed at improving the capacity of the state to provide public security and creating effective safeguards against the abuse of state power.

Readers should consult the stockpile security section of the website for information on the disposal (destruction) of surplus weapons in national stockpiles.

   

Small Arms Survey Publications

  • Dynamic Disposal: An Introduction to Mobile and Transportable Industrial Ammunition Demilitarization Equipment, January 2013. The Regional Approach to Stockpile Reduction (RASR) Initiative, Issue Brief No. 3

    Download (623.9 KB)
  • Costs and Consequences: Unplanned Explosions and Demilitarization
    in South-east Europe
    , by Jasna Lazarević, a joint publication of the Regional Approach for Stockpile Reduction, the US Department of State's Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement, and the Small Arms Survey, November 2012. Special Report No. 18

    Download (1.82 MB)
  • Capabilities and Capacities: A Survey of South-east Europe’s Demilitarization Infrastructure, by Pierre Gobinet, a joint publication of the Regional Approach for Stockpile Reduction, the US Department of State's Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement, and the Small Arms Survey, April 2012. Special Report No. 15

    Download (2.43 MB)
  • Buy and Burn: Factoring Demilitarization into Ammunition Procurement, April 2012. A joint publication of the Regional Approach for Stockpile Reduction, the US Department of State's Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement, and the Small Arms Survey. Issue Brief No. 2 (also available in Albanian, BCMS and Bulgarian)

    Download (1.15 MB)
  • Safer Stockpiles: Practitioners’ Experiences with Physical Security and Stockpile Management (PSSM) Assistance Programmes, edited by Benjamin King, April 2011. Occasional Paper No. 27

    Download (965.63 KB)
  • South-east European Surplus Arms: State Policies and Practices, November 2010. The Regional Approach to Stockpile Reduction (RASR) Initiative, Issue Brief No. 1 (also available in Albanian and BCMS)

    Download (1.15 MB)
  • The Politics of Destroying Surplus Small Arms - Inconspicuous Disarmament, edited by Aaron Karp, published by Routledge, July 2009.

    More information
  • The Central African Republic and Small Arms: A Regional Tinderbox, by Eric G. Berman with Louisa N. Lombard, December 2008 (also available in French).

    More information
  • Conventional Ammunition in Surplus: A Reference Guide, edited by James Bevan, co-published with BICC, FAS, GRIP, and SEESAC with support from the German Federal Foreign Office, January 2008.

    More information
  • Disposal of Surplus Small Arms: A survey of policies and practices in OSCE countries, co-published with BICC, Saferworld, and BASIC, edited by Sami Faltas and Vera Chrobok, January 2004

    Download (884.98 KB)
  • A Guide to the Destruction of Small Arms and Light Weapons: the Approach of the South African National Defence Force, by Sarah Meek and Noel Stott, co-published with the UN Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), 2004.

    Download (696.8 KB)
  • Destroying Surplus Weapons: An Assessment of Experience in South Africa and Lesotho, by Sarah Meek and Noel Stott, co-published with UN Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), 2003.

    Download (465.3 KB)
  • Removing Small Arms from Society: A Review of Weapons Collection and Destruction Programmes, by Sami Faltas, Glenn McDonald, and Camilla Waszink, July 2001. Occasional Paper No. 2

    Download (372.42 KB)
  • United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs (UNDDA). 2001. A Destruction Handbook: Small Arms, Light Weapons, Ammunition and Explosives.

    Download (711.32 KB)
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Other Publications

  • Turner, Mandy. 2006. Costs of Disarmament: Cost Benefit Analysis of SALW Destruction versus Storage. Geneva: UNIDIR.

    More information
  • Borrie, John and Vanessa Martin Randin, eds. 2006. Thinking Outside the Box in Multilateral Disarmament and Arms Control Negotiations. Geneva: UNIDIR.

    More information
  • Peartree, C. Edward. 2001. Destroying Excess Small Arms: U.S. Policy and Programs. In U.S. Foreign Policy Agenda Vol 6. No.2, Washington, D.C.: U.S. State Department. June.

    Download (670.79 KB)
  • Godnick, William. 2001. Transforming Attitudes Towards the Tools of Violence: the Arms Exchange Programme in Mendoza, Argentina. Working Paper No. 3. Bradford: Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford.

    Download (13.37 KB)
  • Hughes-Wilson, John and Adrian Wilkinson. 2001. Safe and Efficient Small Arms Collection and Destruction Programmes: A Proposal for Practical Technical Measures. New York: UNDP.

    Download (169.58 KB)
  • Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC). 2000. Tackling Small Arms and Light Weapons: A Practical Guide for Collection and Destruction. Bonn: Bonn International Center for Conversion.

    Download (440.94 KB)
  • DeClerq, David. 1999. Destroying Small Arms and Light Weapons: Survey of Methods and Practical Guide. Report No.13. Bonn: Bonn International Centre for Conversion.

    Download (1016.92 KB)
  • International Action Network on Small Arms (IANSA). 1998. Report of the UNDP Mission for an Arms Collection Pilot Programme in the Gramsh District - Albania. Tirana: IANSA.

    More information
  • Meek, Sarah. 1998. Buy or Barter: The History and Prospects of Voluntary Weapons Collection Programmes. ISS Monograph Series 22. London: Institute for Strategic Studies.

    More information
  • Laurence, Edward, assisted by Sarah Meek. 1996. The New Field of Micro-Disarmament: Addressing the Proliferation and Buildup of Small Arms and Light Weapons. Issues Brief 7. Bonn: Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC).

    Download
  • Kennedy, David, et al. 1996. Gun Buy-backs: Where Do We Stand and Where Do We Go? In Plotkin, Marta R., ed. Under Fire: Gun Buy-backs, Exchanges and Amnesty Programs. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum.

  • Kleck, Gary. 1996. Nothing Succeeds Like Failure. In Plotkin, Marta R., ed. Under Fire: Gun Buy-backs, Exchanges and Amnesty Programs. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum.

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Instruments and Documents

  • OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe). 2008. OSCE Handbook of Best Practices on Conventional Ammunition. Vienna: OSCE.

    More information
  • OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe). 2003. OSCE Document on Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition. FSC.DOC/1/03. Adopted at the 407th Plenary Meeting of the OSCE Forum for Security Co-operation. Vienna: OSCE. 19 November.

    More information
  • Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). 2003. Best Practice Guide on National Procedures for the Destruction of Small Arms and Light Weapons. Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons. 19 September. FSC. GAL/26/03/Rev 2.

    More information
  • Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). 2003. Best Practice Guide on the Definition and Indicators of a Surplus of Small Arms and Light Weapons. Handbook of Best Practices on Small Arms and Light Weapons. 19 September. FSC. GAL/36/03/Rev 3.

    More information
  • UNSC (United Nations Security Council). 2000. Methods of Destruction of Small Arms, Light Weapons, Ammunition and Explosives. S/2000/1092 as of 15 November 2000.

    More information
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